There is something kind of like it, yes - freedom of expression is covered in the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. It's not precisely the same, though. There are exceptions against a lot of things, not just slander and libel - hate speech, for example. The Westboro Baptist Church gets turned away at the border when they try to come up here to protest. :)

The thing with parliament is that most of the time, MPs are kept solidly in line with how the party moves and votes. Since Harper has said he doesn't want to re-open the abortion debate, theoretically his party's whip should be cracking down on actions that might look to oppose that by his members of parliament. (There's an article explaining about some of that particular process.)